Soffit:refers to a specific feature commonly found in the building envelope, particularly in the area beneath the eaves on the exterior of a building. It is the exposed surface beneath the overhanging section of a roof eave 

Functions of Soffit
1. Protection from Weather Elements
Soffits are essential for the protection of a building’s structural integrity. By covering the underside of the roof’s overhang, they shield the rafters and other structural components from rain, snow, and other elements. This coverage helps prevent the ingress of moisture, which can degrade materials and lead to costly repairs. The installation of soffits thus extends the life of roofing materials and supports the building’s stability, ensuring that the internal structures remain dry and intact even in adverse weather conditions.

2. Ventilation
Soffits equipped with small perforations play a pivotal role in a home’s ventilation strategy. These perforations facilitate the movement of air into the attic space, crucial for maintaining an even temperature throughout the year. In the winter, they help to minimize the accumulation of warm air in the attic, thereby reducing the risk of ice dams forming at the roof’s edge. During the summer, this air flow helps expel hot air, preventing the overheating of living spaces and reducing cooling costs. Overall, proper soffit ventilation maintains the health of the roof and attic structure by preventing moisture buildup and associated issues.

3. Aesthetic Appeal
Soffits significantly enhance the architectural appeal of a building. They provide a clean, finished look that hides unsightly structural elements like rafters and eaves, contributing to a building’s overall visual harmony. Architects and designers often select soffit materials and colors that complement or enhance the building’s exterior design, using them to add aesthetic value. Whether matching the main siding, contrasting with other elements, or introducing new textures, soffits can be an integral part of the building’s design philosophy.

4. Pest Barrier
The installation of soffits also serves as an effective pest control measure. By sealing off the gaps that might otherwise offer access to the attic and roof spaces, soffits prevent wildlife such as birds, squirrels, and insects from entering and potentially nesting within these areas. Maintaining these barriers is crucial for avoiding the damage and unsanitary conditions that can result from pest infestations. Furthermore, the integrity of soffits must be regularly checked and maintained to ensure they continue to serve as a reliable deterrent against pest intrusion.

Fascia: 

Fascia is the long, straight board that runs along the lower edge of the roof. The fascia is fixed directly to the lower ends of the roof trusses

• Protection

  Fascia protects the roof’s rafters, trusses, and cavity from rain and other elements that can cause rot and structural damage. It also keeps animals like birds and rodents from entering the roof. 

   

   
• Support

  Fascia supports the lower edge of the bottom row of roof tiles and provides stability for gutters. 

   

   
• Aesthetics

  Fascia can create attractive lines along the eaves and improve the overall look of a house. It’s available in a variety of styles, colors, and sizes, and can be used to achieve a specific aesthetic.